Until now the genus Abyssianira Menzies, 1956 included two Atlantic species from abyssal depths (A. dentifrons Menzies, 1956; A. argentenensis Menzies, 1962) and two Australian species from upper to mid-bathyal depths (A. bathyalis Just, 1990; A. tasmaniensis Just, 1990). Except for Abyssianira dentifrons, which has been found in both hemispheres, the remaining ones are only known from the southern hemisphere. In the present contribution the Atlantic species of Abyssianira are redescribed, and two new species are described: A. acutilobi n. sp. from off Argentina and A. lingula n. sp. from off Brazil, raising the total number of species known for this genus to six.