We present measurements of fabrics and microstructures made along the Talos Dome ice core, a core drilled in East Antarctica in the framework of the TALDICE project. Fabric and average grain size data are analyzed regarding changes in climatic conditions. In particular, the fabric strength increases sharply going downward from Holocene to Wisconsin ice. Following (Durand et al., 2007), this change is associated with a positive feedback between variations in ice viscosity, due to variations in dust content, and the impact of a shear stress component, increasing with depth. A ViscoPlastic Self-Consistent modeling approach is used to simulate the fabric evolution for a “perfect dome” configuration. The discrepancies between the measured and the simulated fabrics highlight the depth ranges where shear strongly affects the fabric strengthening. Finally, the grain size and fabric analyses show the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization mechanisms (continuous and discontinuous) along the core.