An in vivo approach of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be presented to follow the gonadal development of unanaesthetised male and female polar cod (Boreogadus saida). The first screening procedure was carried out on a set of reproductive polar cod every four weeks. Gonad maturation was followed from November until shortly before spawning in February. The resolution of the MR images allowed for specific sex determination and calculation of gonads volumes. The results of calculated gonad volume in vivo was in agreement with the in vitro gonad weight.