The Arctic tundra is experiencing rapid changes due to climate warming, with profound implications for permafrost ecosystems and their feedbacks to the global climate. Vegetation changes driven by recipitation and temperature increases include extended shrub cover and increases in plant primary production. Changes in vegetation and climate alter soil moisture and temperature on small spatial scales (< 1 m), which mediate greenhouse gas sequestration and emission processes during summer. Understanding these interactions is essential for identifying climate feedback mechanisms and supporting global assessments using remote sensing data. This study examines the relationships between vegetation cover, topography, surface soil moisture and their effects on soil temperature in an Arctic tundra landscape on Disko Island (Qeqertarsuaq), Western Greenland. Data were collected from 24 sites (1 m²) in a southern valley on Disko Island during field studies conducted between September 2022 and September 2024. It includes visually assessed vegetation cover, a digital terrain model and continuous temperature-moisture data collected using TOMST TMS-4 sensors. I derived variables describing vegetation (vegetation height, vegetation density, forb, graminoid, lichen, moss and shrub cover) and topography (elevation, geomorphon type and slope). I quantified the spatial and annual variation of summer mean soil temperature and moisture at the study site during the summer seasons of 2023 and 2024. I then used single linear regression models to identify the variables which explained most of the variance in the moisture and temperature data of the summer season 2023. Mean summer surface soil moisture varied between 14% and 60%, mean summer soil temperatures between 1.9°C and 6.5°C. The linear regression models revealed that geomorphon type (R = 0.35), graminoid cover (R2 = 0.35) and slope (R2 = 0.28) were most important predictors of summer soil surface moisture, with higher soil moisture in sheltered and flatter locations with high graminoid cover. Summer soil temperature was best explained by slope (R2 = 0.25), elevation (R2 = 0.23), graminoid cover (R2 = 0.15) and lichen (R2 = 0.12), exhibiting cooler soils at higher elevations with steeper terrain and less graminoid cover whereas high lichen cover indicated warmer soils in summer. Contrary to prior expectations, shrub and moss cover explained little variance in both soil moisture and temperature (< 10% and < 5%, respectively). These findings underscore the dominant role of topography in shaping summer soil microclimate, while also highlighting the influence of vegetation, particularly graminoid cover. Future vegetation changes in Arctic landscapes are likely to alter soil thermal and hydrological regimes, with implications for greenhouse gas fluxes. Investigating interactions between vegetation, soil moisture, and temperature across diverse topographic settings is essential for predicting feedbacks to climate change.