Due to global rise in temperature, recent studies predict marine species shifting towards higher latitudes. We investigated the impact of interacting abiotic drivers on the distribution potential of the temperate kelp Laminaria hyperborea. The ecosystem engineering species is widespread along European coasts, but is not yet found in the High Arctic, although it can survive several months of low temperatures and darkness. To investigate its ability to extend northward in future, we conducted a long-term multi-factorial experiment with sporophytes from Porsangerfjorden, Norway – close to the species’ documented northernmost distribution margin. The samples were exposed to three different photoperiods (PolarDay, LongDay, PolarNight) at 0, 5 and 10°C for three months. Optimum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm), dry weight, pigments, phlorotannins and storage carbohydrates were monitored. Both, physiological and biochemical parameters revealed that L. hyperborea was strongly influenced by the different photoperiods and their interaction with temperature, while temperature alone exerted only minor effects. The Fv/Fm data were integrated into a species distribution model to project a possible northward expansion of L. hyperborea. The combination of extended day lengths and low temperatures appeared to be the limiting reason for northward spread of L. hyperborea until recently. However, with water temperatures reaching 10°C in summer, this kelp will be able to thrive also in the High Arctic. Moreover, no evidence of stress to Arctic winter warming was found. Consequently, L. hyperborea has a high potential for spreading northwards with further warming which may significantly affect the structure and function of Arctic ecosystems.